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Bird Litigation: Hindsight and the California Condor

10,000 Birds

The arguments were framed by legal standards under the Endangered Species Act (ESA), the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), and the Administrative Procedures Act (APA). Both parties — FWS and Audubon — wanted the same thing: preservation of the California Condor. But they disagreed on the means to obtain that shared goal.

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Puerto Rico’s Birds after Hurricane Maria

10,000 Birds

Species with small ranges ( e.g. , single island endemics) or tiny populations ( e.g. , endangered species) are especially vulnerable. territory of Puerto Rico, an American territory where researchers have numerous ongoing investigations, including many studies in El Yunque National Forest.